第33卷第9期動(dòng)力工程學(xué)報(bào)Vol, 33 No. 92013年9月Journal of Chinese Society of Power EngineeringSep. 2013文章編號:1674- 7607(2013)09-0711-06中圖分類號:TK2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A .學(xué)科分類號:470.30火電廠閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)變工況運(yùn)行優(yōu)化鄭姍'2， 張瑞山3，劉明”，種道彤”， 嚴(yán)俊杰”(1.廣東省電力設(shè)計(jì)研究院，廣州510663; 2. 西安交通大學(xué)動(dòng)力工程多相流國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,西安710049; 3. 甘肅電力科學(xué)研究院，蘭州730050)摘要: 以某600 MW機(jī)組閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)為例,提出了以汽輪機(jī)負(fù)荷、環(huán)境溫度和環(huán)境相對濕度為條件的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行方式,將冷卻塔、凝汽器和汽輪機(jī)變工況進(jìn)行耦合,得到了閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)冷卻塔的進(jìn)塔水溫和出塔水溫(即凝汽器循環(huán)水的出口溫度和入口溫度)隨機(jī)組負(fù)荷、環(huán)境溫度和環(huán)境相對濕度的變化規(guī)律.結(jié)果表明:在一定的環(huán)境條件和負(fù)荷下,進(jìn)塔水溫隨循環(huán)水體積流量的增大而降低,而出塔水溫隨循環(huán)水體積流量的增大而升高;進(jìn)塔水溫和出塔水溫均隨著環(huán)境溫度、環(huán)境相對濕度和機(jī)組負(fù)荷的升高而升高.關(guān)鍵詞:閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng);變工況;循環(huán)水溫度;優(yōu)化運(yùn)行Off-design Operation Optimization for Closed CirculatingWater System of Thermal Power PlantsZHENG Shanl2，ZHANG Ruishan'，LIU Ming”，CHONG Daotong'，YAN J unjie2(1. Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute, Guangzhou 510663，China; 2. State Key Laboratoryof Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049，China;3. Gansu Electric Power Research Institute, Lanzhou 730050, China)Abstract: Taking the closed circulating water system of a 600 MW power unit as an example, an optimizedoperation mode was proposed based on the load of steam turbine, the ambient temperature and the relativeenvironment humidity, while a variation law obtained about how the inlet/ outlet water temperature ocooling tower in the closed circulating water system (i. e. the outlet/ inlet temperature of condenser )change with the unit load, ambient temperature and relative environment humidity by coupling variableconditions of the cooling tower, condenser and turbine.. Results show that with the rise of circulating wa-ter flow, the inlet temperature of cooling tower reduces, but the outlet temperature of cooling tower in-creases, under a certain environmental condition and load; both the inlet/ outlet temperature of coolingtower increase with rising ambient temperature, relative environment humidity and unit load.Key words: closed circulating water system; off-design condition; circulating water temperature; operationoptimization收稿日期:2013-01-09修訂 日期:2013.03-01基金項(xiàng)目:國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展規(guī)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2009CB219803);因家自然科學(xué)基金中國煤 化工國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAA04B03)CN M H .....作者簡介:鄭姍(1988 - ),女,湖北天門人，碩士研究生.研究方向?yàn)?電廠經(jīng)濟(jì)性診朗與r收心心./:w 02115646; .E- mail: zhengshan@ gedi. com. cn.動(dòng)力工程學(xué)報(bào)第33卷汽器壓力,從而增加汽輪機(jī)的輸出功率,但同時(shí)循環(huán)6 00C φ=0.8水泵的耗功也增加，當(dāng)增加的輸出功率ON。與循環(huán)s 000水泵多消耗的功率ONp的差值oN為最大，即機(jī)組的輸出凈功率最大時(shí)，對應(yīng)最佳循環(huán)水體積流3000量[20].循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化就是確定在不同機(jī)組負(fù)荷(或新蒸汽質(zhì)量流量)和環(huán)境條件下的最佳循環(huán)水體ON。積流量.在實(shí)際工程中,循環(huán)水體積流量沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)連1 000續(xù)性調(diào)節(jié),因此只能通過改變循環(huán)水泵的運(yùn)行臺數(shù)300 350 400 450 500 550 600來改變循環(huán)水體積流量,此時(shí)循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化就NfMW是確定不同工況下循環(huán)水泵的最佳運(yùn)行臺數(shù)，根據(jù)輸出凈功率(ON。- ON,)是否大于0來判斷.根據(jù)圖6不同環(huán)境溫度下 4臺循環(huán)水泵與3臺循環(huán)水泵運(yùn)行的輸出凈功率前文提出的閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)變工況耦合計(jì)算方法,獲Fig. 6 Difference of output power between operation of 4 and 3得閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化方法,其原理圖見圖5.pumps at dfferent ambient temperatures改變循環(huán)水泵運(yùn)行方式循環(huán)水體積流量6000..-----冷卻塔出塔水溫θ=20'Ch ;{排汽多數(shù)hq環(huán)境參數(shù)冷卻塔吃輪機(jī)←新蒸汽4 000凝汽器循環(huán)水出口溫度避汽器真空-3 00(冷卻塔進(jìn)塔水溫)2 000-/循環(huán)水,AN,汽輪機(jī)L泵耗功L輸出功事輸出凈功>率最大300 350 400450 500 550 600最佳循環(huán)圖7不同環(huán)境相對濕度下 4臺循環(huán)水泵與3臺循環(huán)水泵運(yùn)行的水泵運(yùn)行、方式,Fig.7 Difference of output power between operation of 4 and 3圖5閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行優(yōu)化原理圖pumps at different relative humiditiesFig. 5 Schematic diagram for operation optimization of theclosed circulaing water system6 00000/Cφ=0.8所研究的電廠2臺600 MW機(jī)組共用4臺同等5000容量的循環(huán)水泵,每臺循環(huán)水泵功率為2 700 kW,4000- +由于沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)變頻調(diào)節(jié),故僅有2機(jī)組運(yùn)行2臺循環(huán)水泵、3臺循環(huán)水泵和4臺循環(huán)水泵3種情況.根據(jù)機(jī)組的設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)和上述耦合計(jì)算方法,計(jì)算得出不同機(jī)組負(fù)荷和環(huán)境條件下運(yùn)行不同臺數(shù)循環(huán)水泵1 00-時(shí)的機(jī)組輸出凈功率(圖6~圖9).由圖6~圖9得300350400450500550 600到不同環(huán)境溫度、環(huán)境相對濕度和機(jī)組負(fù)荷下循環(huán)水泵的切換界限圖(圖10).圖8不同環(huán)境溫度下 3臺循環(huán)水泵與2臺循環(huán)水泵運(yùn)行的由圖10可知,該電廠在實(shí)際運(yùn)行過程中,通過環(huán)境溫度、環(huán)境相對濕度和機(jī)組負(fù)荷來確定循環(huán)水Fig.8 Difference of output power between operation of 3 and 2泵的最優(yōu)運(yùn)行方式.這種優(yōu)化運(yùn)行方式的確定方法pumps at different ambient temperatures與開式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)有著明顯的區(qū)別,不再是利用凝互耦合,利用環(huán)境溫度、環(huán)境相對濕度和機(jī)組負(fù)荷3汽器循環(huán)水人口溫度來確定循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化運(yùn)行個(gè)客觀值來中國煤化工行方式,因此方式,而是通過冷卻塔、凝汽器和汽輪機(jī)變工況的相這種方法更fYHCNMHG第9期鄭姍.等:火電廠閉式循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)變工況運(yùn)行優(yōu)化●7156000nosis model for on-line monitoring cooling end ofs 000θ=20thermal power plant and study on application thereof[J]. 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